No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws. Section 1Īll persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. Sections that are linked have since been amended or superseded. Note: The following text is a transcription of the amendment in its original form. The other two post-Civil War amendments were the Thirteenth Amendment (banning slavery) and the Fifteenth Amendment (banning race-based voting qualifications). In the mid-20th century, the Supreme Court interpreted the Fourteenth Amendment to dismantle legal segregation, as in Brown v. It required the states to provide equal protection under the law to all persons (not only to citizens) within their jurisdictions. The amendment also provided an expanded definition of United States citizenship, overturning the Dred Scott case, which excluded African Americans. Jackson Women’s Health Organization), and other issues involving the incorporation of parts of the Bill of Rights to bind state governments (until the Fourteenth Amendment, the Bill of Rights only restricted the federal government). The Due Process Clause has driven case law regarding privacy rights (see Griswold v. The Fourteenth Amendment's significance was related to its effect on the federal-state relationship. It includes the Due Process and Equal Protection Clauses among others.įederalism refers to a system of government that divides power between member units (like state governments) and a central governing authority. ![]() The Fourteenth Amendment is one of the post-Civil War amendments (known as the Reconstruction Amendments), first intended to secure rights for former slaves. ![]() ![]() Amendment XIV of the United States Constitution was passed by Congress on June 13, 1866.
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